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LED generic.jpgLED Lighting guides

Here in one neat package is our collection of key LED lighting articles, covering white LEDs, coloured LEDs, OLEDs and Lighting LEDs...

* White LEDs

* Coloured LEDs

* LED Lighting (1)

* LED Lighting (2)

* LEDs General

* LED Optics

* OLEDs

* Costing LEDs

* LED heatsinking

* 50 year history of the LED

The Fortronic LED and Lighting Design Forum is a one day event free to engineers. It will be held at the Williams F1 Conference Centre, Oxford, on 27 March 2012.

Topics covered will include:
* LED colour/heat selection
* Thermal Management
* Driver Electronics
* Optics
* Light measurement & planning
* Applications aimed at Street, Building, Signage and Theatre,
* Light shaping (diffuser, Software Control/automation).

The organisers write: "The day comprises of 8 presentations in the morning given by speakers from leading manufactures and up to 9 workshops in the afternoon offer in depth design solutions and technical updates. 20 exhibitors support the event in our networking area where there is the opportunity to discuss your requirements with engineers from leading suppliers and network with your engineering colleagues in an informal and club like atmosphere."

For the first time in five years, investment in LED manufacturing is expected to decline 18% this year, after a 36% rise last year, says SEMI, but against a background of general decline, spending in Taiwan and Korea is expected to continue to grow, writes David Manners.

Although demand for LEDs used lighting continued to grow last year reaching a $2.5bn market, demand for LEDs used in backlighting TVs- representing 40% of the LED market - has not met expectations.

However LEDs used in lighting are expected to be a $30bn market in 2020.


NanocoNanoco, a UK-based manufacturer of cadmium-free quantum dots, has signed a joint development agreement with a global lighting company which is major producer of LED lighting products, writes Richard Wilson.

The collaboration will see the university spin-out's cadmium-free quantum dots (CFQD) technology used in high volume LED lighting systems.

The attraction of the quantum dot technology for commercial LED lighting is its colour performance.
This is an exciting time to be in the LED lighting market, according to LED driver module supplier Harvard Engineering, writes Richard Wilson.

"It's an exciting time to be involved in the lighting industry and we're investing heavily to create in the research and development of our CoolLED drivers," said Michael McDonnell, sales and marketing director at Harvard.

The company designs and manufactures its LED lighting drivers in West Yorkshire.

Harvard's recently announced CoolLED Kompact and CoolLED 40W drivers are aimed at the professional lighting sector for powering high-brightness LEDs from a mains supply.
Adrian Rawlinson - MarlAdrian Rawlinson managing director Marl International tells Electronics Weekly the case for LED lighting will become overwhelming. He also says the UK should recognise its strengths in manufacturing

What is the biggest barrier to growth in the architectural LED market?

Adrian Rawlinson: Within five years, I believe that 90% of RGB architectural lighting will have converted to LED technology. There are a number of reasons why I don't think this will happen any more quickly.

If you look at the true cost of ownership, and factor in their exceptionally long life as well as low energy use, LED lighting is very economic, but the initial purchase price is much higher, and this is tending to put buyers off.

As volumes increase and larger fixture manufacturers move into the market, prices are sure to come down, making the case for LED overwhelming.

As the industry matures and consolidates, clear universally accepted standards for measuring light output and efficiency better standards should emerge. This will help buyers who remain confused about the specifications of the product that they are buying.

Currently, only some companies deliver a ready to install light complete with all the drivers and connectors required. Many still leave customers to sort out the complexities themselves.

Cree has annouced commercial availability of an LED lighting module which is capable of delivering 80-lumens-per-watt system efficacy combined with CRI greater than 90, writes Richard Wilson.

The modules features the supplier's TrueWhite technology for generating white light with LEDs.

"The new modules make the benefits of Cree TrueWhite Technology affordable and widely available," said Mike Watson, senior director of marketing, Cree LED components.

LED generic 2.jpgLED lighting is becoming mainstream and luminaire-­makers are jumping on the bandwagon with viable products now that the technology is more widely understood, writes Steve Bush.

In the early days few lighting firms could get their heads around semiconductor heatsinking and precision optical alignment, and few LED-makers realised that no one wants to install a reflow oven, or even lift a soldering iron, to make light fittings.
LasersUS researchers at Sandia National Labs have demonstrated that people are comfortable with viewing objects lit by four coloured lasers - blue, red, green, and yellow - instead of white LEDs or light bulbs, writes Steve Bush.

Lasers are extremely narrowband, 10x narrower than the blue LEDs used in 'white' lighting LEDs, and even further from the continuous spectrum of sunlight.

"What we showed is that diode lasers are a worthy path to pursue for lighting," said Sandia researcher Jeff Tsao. "Before these tests, our research in this direction was stopped before it could get started. The typical response was, 'Are you kidding? The colour rendering quality of white light produced by diode lasers would be terrible.' So finally it seemed like, in order to go further, one really had to answer this very basic question first."

CreeXP-G LEDs are now delivering 140 lm/W, claims manufacturer Cree, writes Steve Bush.

"Cree is providing commercially available 140 lm/W components," said the firm's marketing director Mike Watson.

The cool white colour version provides up to 148 lm (141 lm/W), then there is 139 lm (132 lm/W) from the 4,000K outdoor white, and 122 lm (116 lm/W) from the 3,000K warm white, all at 350mA.

XP-G is Cree's small form factor large (1.4x1.4mm) die surface mount lighting LED, competing with Lumileds' large die Rebel ES.

Fujitsu MB95F430 MCU.jpgFujitsu Semiconductor has introduced a range of 8-bit microcontrollers with embedded flash memory.

Intended for use in control systems for lighting and industrial equipment, such as LED ballasts, induction heating, DC-DC converters, power tools and battery chargers, the MB95F430 MCUs have four channels of built-in analogue voltage comparators as well as an operational amplifier.

Specifying white LEDs can be far more complicated than you think...

Make sure you bookmark this article by our Technology Editor Steve Bush about LED lighting, and particularly the role of colour.

He writes:
Start to look into LED lighting and quickly it becomes obvious that one type of LED will not suit all situations.

After a while, you get sophisticated enough to take colour-rendering index (CRI) and colour temperature into account, and even then you are only about halfway down the check list.

A little colour science

There is no scientific definition of white light because, like beauty, white is in the eye of the beholder.
LED developer Bridgelux is claiming breakthrough power efficiencies for gallium nitride on silicon (GaN-on-Si) devices.

The company claims LED performance levels comparable to high-end sapphire-based LEDs.

According to Bridgelux, warm white LEDs constructed from the GaN on Si chips delivered 125 Lm/W at a colour temperature of 2940K and CRI of 80.

Cool white LEDs showed efficiencies as high as 160 Lm/W at a CCT of 4350K.

Philips LED.gifPhilips has won a category in the US government's competition to demonstrate the highest efficiency high quality lighting.

In 2007, the US Energy Independence and Security Act directed the Department of Energy to establish the 'Bright Tomorrow L Prize' competition.

The competition has three categories:

21st Century Lamp, a partially-defined category whose initial parameters were bettered by Cree last week.

Cree has released its XT-E royal blue (450nm) LED, aimed at remote-phosphor white lighting sources, writes Steve Bush.

"In addition, Cree announces a remote phosphor component patent licensing program that provides access to remote phosphor patents," said the firm.

The LED delivers up to 525mW at 350mA and 85°C, and is available in 2.5nm wavelength bins.
LEDs will become the dominant lighting technology, claims market analyst Frost & Sullivan, writes Steve Bush.

"The world LED market will expand strongly, driven largely by improvements in technology," said analyst Neetha Jayanth. "Such advances will enable their wider application in illumination and will be further reinforced by measures adopted by authorities to support energy efficient lighting."

The analysis by Frost's building division finds that the market earned revenues of $491.1m in 2010 and estimates this will reach $1.89bn in 2017.

Marl LED lighting.JPGMarl is extending its LED strip lighting range.

Called Colorbeam, the lights have a 1.6 million RGB colour palette and claimed 25,000 hour life "in a typical application depending on the product specified", said the firm.

"Linear LED lighting strips are growing in popularity as a way of delivering creative effects in retail, office and other environments," said Marl MD Adrian Rawlinson.

Rambus LED.jpgRambus has moved into LED lighting with the introduction of an intellectual property (IP) portfolio called Pentelic, writes Steve Bush.

The technology allows edge-lit light guides to provide both area and directional room lighting, typically in professional settings: offices, schools and retail, said the firm.

"Our IP space is to do with edge lighting a light guide with LEDs and the use of micro-optics embedded into the light guide providing ray angle control so light can be directed out of the light guide," Rambus director of business development John Langevin told Electronics Weekly. Low losses are claimed.
CEA-Leti is working with NEOLUX to manufacture LED modules as part of a major LED lighting initiative in France, writes Richard Wilson.

The three-year project, known as MODULED, aims to commercialise the production of smart LED systems in France.

Leti's LED lighting work has focused on the issues of thermal management, light extraction and wavelength conversion.

Cree's multi-die MT-G LED is at the centre of this reference design which replaces 35-50W halogen MR16 bulbs, writes Steve Bush.

Available free from Cree's website, it includes contributions from Diodes, National Semiconductor and Texas Instruments (alternative electronics); Neng Tyi Precision Industries (heatsink); Carclo and Ledil (optics).

Demonstrated at EuroLED next to a 20W MR16, Electronics Weekly can confirm that a 7.5W variant is far brighter, has an even beam, and is just as white.

LED Lighting guides

See also Electronics Weekly's roundup of content related to LEDs, with a special focus on both white LEDs and coloured LEDs, and Lighting LEDs.

* White LEDs

* Coloured LEDs

* LED Lighting (1)

* LED Lighting (2)

* LEDs General

* LED optics

* OLEDs

* Costing LEDs

* 50 year history of the LED








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Author Profiles

Paul Ward
As Opto Product Manager at Farnell, Paul is overseeing the company's involvement in the rapidly evolving and high profile LED lighting market sector.

As well as ensuring that Farnell offers the latest technologies and products related to solid state lighting, Paul is also responsible for ensuring that the resources are in place to make it easier for design engineers to specify and design-in LED solutions for their applications.

Educated in Production Engineering and Design at Sheffield Hallam University, Paul has worked in various engineering, training and marketing roles for companies including C&K switches, ITT Cannon, Cherry and LED specialist Chicago Miniature Lighting.

Away from the world of LEDs, Paul is a Founder of the charity RTTW, Photographer and Harley Davidson rider; he has ridden and snapped across Europe, New Zealand and the USA on his chrome hog!

Gordon Routledge
Gordon Routledge is one of the original pioneers in LED illumination having worked with LEDs in illumination applications since 1996. Currently VP of Illumination at Dialight, Gordon founded Lumidrives in 2001, having previously been managing director at ACDC Lighting Systems. Gordon has a degree in Electrical & Electronic Engineering from university of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology.

Ian Bryant
ian bryant.jpgIan Bryant is Business Development Manager LED Division at Carclo Technical Plastics. He has worked on and off at Carclo (Formerly Combined Optical Industrial) since leaving school. He has worked through the company from Toolmaking to starting the company on the road of LED optics business some 6-7 years ago, starting with a standard range and more in line with the business of custom optics. In between all this he has worked in engineering and as a works Director for a hydraulics company but kept getting pulled back to the optics industrial. We are able to offer the full solution from idea to parts so have a very good understanding on what is needed. You will see some posts from our design team also under my name.

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